Klaus and Fanaroff’s Care of the High-Risk Neonate (7th Edition)

Description

Trusted by neonatologists for more than 40 years, Klaus and Fanaroff’s Care of the High-Risk Neonate provides unique, authoritative coverage of technological and medical advances in this challenging field, and includes personal and practical editorial comments that are the hallmark of this renowned text. The 7th Edition helps you take advantage of recent advances in the NICU that have improved patient care, outcomes, and quality of life, with new coverage of genetics and imaging, new cases and commentary throughout, new contributors, and much more.

Table of Contents

1. Preface
2. Patient Safety, Quality, and Evidence-Based Medicine
   1. Donabedian’s Triad and The Institute of Medicine’s Six Domains of Quality
   2. Clinical Microsystems and How to Assess and Monitor The Quality of Care Provided
   3. Why is Quality Improvement Important in Neonatal Care?
   4. Improving the Quality of Care
   5. Conclusions
3. Antenatal and Intrapartum Care of the High-Risk Infant
   1. Identification of the Pregnancy at Risk
   2. Selected Disorders of the Maternal–Fetal Interface
4. Resuscitation and Initial Stabilization
   1. Fetal Transition to Extrauterine Life
5. Physical Growth: Physical Examination of the Newborn Infant and the Physical Environment
   1. Determinants of Fetal Growth
   2. Intrauterine Growth Restriction
   3. Pattern of Fetal Growth
   4. Antenatal Assessment of Intrauterine Growth
   5. Epidemiology and Etiology of Fetal Growth Restriction
   6. Placental Contributions
   7. Diminished Potential: Fetal Contributions
   8. Identification and Management of Growth Restriction
   9. Small-for-Gestational-age Infants
   10. Clinical Problems
   11. The Preterm Growth-Restricted Infant
   12. Growth and Long-Term Outcome
   13. Large for Gestational Age
   14. Physical Examination of the Newborn Infant
   15. Observation
6. Nutrition and Selected Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract
   1. Part 1: Nutrition for the High-Risk Infant
      1. Introduction
      2. Fluid
      3. Electrolytes
      4. Enteral Nutrition
      5. Growth In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Influences Neurodevelopmental and Growth Outcomes
      6. Method of Feeding
      7. Human Milk
      8. Premature Infant Formulas
      9. Standard Infant Formulas
      10. Soy Formula
      11. Protein Hydrolysate Formula
      12. Follow-Up Formula
      13. Practical Hints for Enteral Nutrition
      14. Nutritional Assessment
      15. Questions
   2. Part 2: Selected Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract
      1. Duodenal Obstruction
      2. Jejunoileal Anomalies
      3. Malrotation/Volvulus
      4. Meconium Ileus
      5. Meckel Diverticulum
      6. Colonic Lesions
      7. Abdominal Wall Defects
      8. Inguinal Hernia
      9. Blood in Stool
      10. Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation
      11. Summary
   3. Part 3: Necrotizing Enterocolitis
      1. Clinical Features
7. Genetics, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, and Newborn Screening
   1. History and Physical Examination
   2. Birth Defects and Multiple Congenital Anomalies
   3. Metabolic Issues
   4. Abnormal Newborn Screen
   5. Hepatosplenomegaly and Hydrops Fetalis
   6. Neurological Presentations
   7. Teratogens
   8. Genetic Testing
8. Care of the Parents
   1. Pregnancy
   2. Labor and Delivery
   3. Effects of Social and Emotional Support on Maternal Behavior
   4. The Day of Delivery
   5. Care of the Healthy Term Infant and Parents Following Birth
   6. The Breast Crawl
   7. Early and Extended Contact for Parents and Their Infant
   8. The Sick or Premature Infant
   9. Communicating Medical Information
   10. Interventions for Families of Premature Infants: Family-Centered Care in The NICU
   11. Congenital Malformations
   12. Stillbirth or Death of A Newborn
   13. Summary
9. Developmental Care—Understanding and Applying the Science
   1. Introduction
   2. Defining Developmental Care
   3. The Evolution of Neonatal Neurodevelopmental Care
   4. Brain Development: The Foundation of Behavior
   5. Promoting Neuroprotection
   6. The Eco-Bio-Developmental Framework
   7. Trauma-Informed Care
   8. The Importance of Touch and Social Connectedness
   9. Benefits of Loving Touch
   10. The Neonatal Integrative Model of Developmental Care
   11. An Introduction to The Seven Core Measures
   12. Understanding Effects of Room Design
   13. Facilitating Noise Reduction and Promoting Auditory Development
   14. Controlling Lighting and Visual Development
   15. Protecting and Promoting Olfaction and Gustation
   16. Evidenced-Based Therapeutic Interventions
   17. The High-Risk Neonate and The Role of Neonatal Therapists
   18. Interprofessional Collaboration
   19. Demonstrated Impact of “High-Quality Developmental Care Programs”
   20. Institutional Implementation of Developmental Neuroprotective Care
   21. Systematic Reviews and Developmental Care
   22. Recommendations for Future Research and Implications for Clinicians
   23. Discussion
10. Respiratory Problems
    1. Physiologic Considerations
    2. Oxygen Delivery
    3. Practical Considerations
    4. Neonatal Problems
    5. General Clinical Management
    6. Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
    7. Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
    8. Pneumothorax
    9. Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn
    10. Pulmonary Hemorrhage
    11. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease
    12. Apnea in the Immature Infant
11. Assisted Ventilation
    1. Respiratory Failure
    2. Endotracheal Intubation
    3. Applied Pulmonary Mechanics
    4. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
    5. Mechanical Ventilation
    6. Alternative Modes of Mechanical Ventilation
    7. Carbon Dioxide Elimination
    8. Oxygenation
    9. Ventilator Setting Changes and Gas Exchange
    10. Monitoring The Infant During Mechanical Ventilation
    11. Special Circumstances
    12. High-Frequency Ventilation
    13. Complications of Assisted Ventilation
    14. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
    15. Summary
12. Glucose, Calcium, and Magnesium
    1. Glucose
    2. Mineral Disorders in the Neonate
13. Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
    1. Formation, Structure, and Properties of Bilirubin
    2. Bilirubin Measurement
    3. Neonatal Bilirubin Metabolism
    4. Normal Serum Bilirubin Levels and the Natural History of Neonatal Jaundice
    5. Developmental Jaundice
    6. An Approach to the Jaundiced Infant
    7. Pathologic Jaundice
    8. Other Causes of Increased Bilirubin Production or Load on the Liver
    9. Bilirubin Toxicity
    10. Clinical Management
    11. Treatment
    12. Phototherapy
    13. Exchange Transfusion
    14. Pharmacologic Treatment
14. Infections in the Neonate
    1. Introduction
    2. Bacteria and Fungi
    3. Viruses
15. The Heart
    1. Physiology and Pathophysiology
    2. Physical Examination
    3. Imaging in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
    4. Diagnostic Groups of Congenital Heart Disease
    5. Arrhythmias in the Neonate
16. The Kidney
    1. Anatomic Development
    2. Physiological Development
    3. Renal Blood Flow
    4. Glomerular Filtration Rate
    5. Fluid Distribution
    6. Sodium Handling
    7. Plasma Osmolarity and Free Water Handling
    8. Acid–Base Balance
    9. Calcium And Phosphorus Balance
    10. Evaluation
    11. History
    12. Physical Examination
    13. Urinalysis
    14. Laboratory Evaluation
    15. Radiologic Evaluation
    16. Specific Problems
    17. Proteinuria
    18. Acute Kidney Injury
    19. Hypertension
    20. Nephrocalcinosis
    21. Renovascular Thrombosis
    22. Congenital Kidney Disease
    23. Hydronephrosis
17. Hematologic Problems
    1. Red Blood Cells
    2. Anemia
    3. Polycythemia
    4. Erythrocyte Transfusion in The Fetus and Newborn
    5. White Blood Cells
    6. Neutrophil Diseases
    7. Eosinophilia
    8. Chronic Granulomatous Disease
    9. Neonatal Immune Deficiencies of Lymphocyte Lineage (T Cell, B Cell, Natural Killer Cell)
    10. Neonatal Thrombocytopenia
    11. Coagulation System in The Neonate
    12. Bleeding in Neonates with Normal Platelet Counts
    13. Thrombosis
18. Neonatal Brain Disorders
    1. Brain Development in the Fetus and the Newborn
    2. Neurological Examination of the Preterm and Term Born Infant
    3. Brain Injury in the Preterm Infant
    4. Neonatal Encephalopathy and Brain Injury in the Term Infant
    5. Neurological Investigations in Term Neonatal Encephalopathy
    6. Neurodevelopmental Correlates of Neuroimaging Patterns
    7. Hypothermia and Patterns of Brain Injury
    8. Neonatal Seizures
    9. Hypotonia in the Term Infant—Neuromuscular Disorders
19. Neonatal Imaging
    1. Imaging Modalities
    2. Chest
    3. Abdomen
    4. Urinary Tract
    5. Future Directions
    6. Key Points
20. The Outcome of Neonatal Intensive Care
    1. Importance of Follow-Up for High-Risk Infants
    2. Minor Transient Problems
    3. Transient Neurologic Abnormality
    4. Persistent Neurologic Sequelae
    5. Physical Sequelae and Chronic Disease
    6. Physical Growth
    7. Follow-Up—Who, What, How, and When
    8. Timing of Follow-Up Visits
    9. Neurosensory and Developmental Assessment
    10. Early Intervention
    11. Points to Remember
    12. Early Childhood Outcomes
    13. School-Age Outcomes
    14. Young Adult Outcomes
21. Ethical Issues
    1. What/Who Defines the Limits of Viability, and Must All These Infants Born at the Limits of Viability be Resuscitated?
    2. What Delivery Options Should be Offered to the Woman? Should She be Offered Prenatal Steroids? Should She be Offered A Monitored Delivery? is it
    3. Appropriate to Offer A Cesarean Section for A Fetal Indication?
    4. Who should Make Decisions Regarding Forgoing Resuscitation or Treatment of an Infant in the Periviable Period? What Ethical Principles Can be Applied?
    5. Appendix A.1. Drugs Used for Emergency and Cardiac Indications in Newborns
    6. Appendix A.2. Drug Dosing Table
    7. Appendix B. Drug Compatibility Table
    8. Appendix C. Normal Values
    9. Appendix D. Selected Procedures in Neonatology
    10. Appendix E. Conversion Charts
    11. Index

Author Biography

Avroy Fanaroff

Affiliations and Expertise
Emeritus Professor, Pediatrics and Reproductive Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Emeritus Eliza Henry Barnes Chair in Neonatology, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio

Jonathan Fanaroff

Jonathan M. Fanaroff, MD, JD, FAAP, Division of Neonatology, Co-Director of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Director of the Rainbow Center for Pediatric Ethics at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital; Associate Professor, Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.

Affiliations and Expertise
Division of Neonatology, Co-Director of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Director of the Rainbow Center for Pediatric Ethics at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital; Associate Professor, Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.