Physiology: Prep Manual for Undergraduates (6th Revised Edition)

Description

Key Features

• Systemize presentation of text in Question-Answer format helps in revision and self-assessment before examination
• Extensively revised, updated, and strengthened to keep up with the latest changes in the standard books of physiology
• Thoroughly revised topics like blood; nerve and muscle; cardiovascular system; and central nervous system
• Large number of diagrams, tables and flowcharts to facilitate quick learning and greater retention of knowledge

Table of Contents

1.  Dedication
2. Foreword
3. Preface to the sixth edition
4. Preface to the first edition
5. The cell and general physiology
   1. Cell and cell organelles
   2. Cell division
   3. Cell death
   4. Homeostasis
   5. Transport across cell membrane
   6. Osmosis and osmotic pressure*
   7. Resting membrane potential
6. Blood
   1. Body fluids
   2. Blood
   3. Metabolism of B12
   4. Metabolism of iron
   5. Anaemia
   6. Polycythaemia
   7. Lifespan and fate of RBC
   8. Fragility
   9. ESR
   10. Jaundice
   11. White blood cells
   12. Platelets
   13. Clotting of blood
   14. Anticoagulants
   15. Diseases
   16. Methods for determination of defects in blood clotting
   17. Clot lysis
   18. Blood groups
   19. Blood transfusion
   20. Rh blood group system
   21. Lymphatic system
7. Immunity
   1. Introduction
   2. Classification
   3. Nonspecific immunity
   4. Specific immunity
   5. Humoral immunity
   6. Cell-mediated immunity
   7. Factors affecting resistance to infection
   8. Allergy
   9. AIDS
8. Digestion and absorption
   1. Introduction
   2. Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract)
   3. Mastication
   4. Salivary glands
   5. Deglutition
   6. Anatomy of stomach
   7. Functions of stomach
   8. Vomiting
   9. Secretory function
   10. Small intestine
   11. Secretion
   12. Movements
   13. Pancreas
   14. Bile
   15. Large intestine
   16. Digestion and absorption
9. Excretory system
   1. Introduction
   2. Structure of nephron
   3. Blood flow to kidneys
   4. Formation of urine
   5. Glomerular filtration
   6. Reabsorption
   7. Secretion
   8. Tubular load, tubular maximum
   9. Plasma clearance
   10. Formation of dilute or concentrated urine
   11. Regulation of electrolyte balance
   12. Regulation of pH of body fluids
   13. Renal function tests
   14. Micturition
   15. Dialysis
10. Temperature regulation
    1. Introduction
    2. Mechanisms of heat production
    3. Mechanisms of heat loss
    4. Regulation of body temperature
    5. Abnormalities in temperature regulation
    6. Skin and its functions
11. Respiratory system
    1. Introduction
    2. Pulmonary circulation
    3. Mechanism of respiration
    4. Pulmonary pressures
    5. Compliance
    6. Work of breathing
    7. Ventilation
    8. Dead space air
    9. Alveolar ventilation
    10. VA/Q ratio
    11. Diffusion of gases
    12. Diffusing capacity of lungs
    13. Transport of gases
    14. Transport of carbon dioxide
    15. Respiratory exchange ratio
    16. Regulation of respiration
    17. Nervous regulation
    18. Chemical regulation
    19. Periodic breathing
    20. Important respiratory reflexes
    21. Receptors in the airway
    22. Terms used for altered respiration
    23. Hypoxia
    24. Acclimatization
    25. Mountain sickness
    26. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
    27. Cyanosis
    28. Artificial respiration
    29. Exposure to low atmospheric pressure
    30. Exposure to high atmospheric pressure
    31. Cardiorespiratory changes during exercise
12. Special senses
    1. Vision
    2. Visual acuity
    3. Depth perception
    4. Retina
    5. Receptors
    6. Photochemistry of rods
    7. Photochemistry of cones (colour vision)
    8. Dark and light adaptation
    9. Neuronal connections in retina
    10. Visual pathway
    11. Field of vision
    12. Muscles of eye and eye movements
    13. Pupillary reflexes
    14. Horner syndrome
    15. Hearing
    16. Structure and functions of external (outer) and middle ear
    17. Structure and functions of inner ear (cochlea)
    18. Auditory pathway
    19. Deafness
    20. Taste
    21. Smell
    22. Equilibrium
    23. Vestibular pathway
    24. Nystagmus
    25. Vestibular function tests
13. Endocrinology
    1. Introduction
    2. Hormones
    3. Anterior pituitary gland
    4. Posterior pituitary gland
    5. Thyroid gland
    6. Adrenal cortex and medulla
    7. Adrenal medullary hormones
    8. Adrenocortical hormones
    9. Other hormones
    10. Pancreas
    11. Parathyroid
    12. Composition and formation of bone
    13. Parathyroid hormone
    14. Vitamin D
    15. Calcitonin
    16. Tetany
    17. Hypercalcaemia
    18. Hypoparathyroidism and hyperparathyroidism
    19. Rickets
    20. Osteomalacia
    21. Osteoporosis
14. Reproduction
    1. Male reproductive system
    2. Female reproductive system
    3. Contraception
15. Nerve and muscle
    1. Nerve
    2. Stimulus
    3. Initiation of action potential
    4. Propagation of action potential
    5. Recording of action potential
    6. Properties of nerve fibre
    7. Degeneration of nerve
    8. Reaction of degeneration
    9. Muscle
    10. Structure of skeletal muscle
    11. Excitation–contraction coupling
    12. Muscle contraction
    13. Energetics of muscle contraction
    14. Muscle tension
    15. Types of skeletal muscle fibres
    16. Properties of skeletal muscle
    17. Tetanus
    18. Fatigue
    19. Common terms used
    20. EMG
    21. Neuromuscular junction
    22. Transmission of impulse
    23. Drugs affecting neuromuscular junction
    24. Myasthenia gravis
    25. Muscle rigour
    26. Functions of skeletal muscles
    27. Comparison of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles
    28. Smooth muscle
16. Cardiovascular system
    1. Introduction
    2. Cardiac muscle
    3. Initiation and conduction of cardiac impulse
    4. Nervous control of heart rhythm
    5. Cardiac cycle
    6. Heart sounds
    7. Electrocardiogram
    8. Abnormalities in rate and rhythms*
    9. Haemodynamics
    10. Pulse
    11. Venous system
    12. Capillary system
    13. Control of blood flow
    14. Nervous control of blood flow
    15. Blood pressure
    16. Vasomotor centre
    17. Short-term mechanisms regulating blood pressure
    18. Long-term mechanisms regulating blood pressure
    19. Cardiac output
    20. Shock
    21. Regulation of blood flow through skeletal muscle
    22. Heart rate
    23. Cardiac failure*
    24. Coronary circulation
    25. Cerebral circulation
    26. Pulmonary circulation
17. Central nervous system
    1. Introduction
    2. Levels of CNS function
    3. Types of cells in nervous system
    4. Synaptic transmission
    5. Properties of synapse
    6. Neurotransmitters
    7. Important neurotransmitters
    8. Sensory system
    9. Receptors
    10. Physiology of pain
    11. Reflexes
    12. Important reflexes
    13. Spinal cord
    14. Spinal reflexes
    15. Motor system
    16. Descending tracts
    17. Difference between pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems
    18. Transection of spinal cord
    19. Brainstem
    20. Muscle tone
    21. Abnormalities
    22. Posture and equilibrium
    23. Decorticate preparation
    24. Hypothalamus
    25. Connections
    26. Limbic system
    27. Reticular formation
    28. Thalamus
    29. Basal ganglia
    30. Cerebellum
    31. Cerebral cortex
    32. Control of voluntary movements
    33. Frontal lobe
    34. Occipital lobe
    35. Temporal lobe
    36. Dominant hemisphere
    37. Higher functions
    38. Sleep
    39. CSF
    40. Blood–brain and blood–CSF barrier
    41. Autonomic nervous system
    42. Index